Measuring apparatus



v G. E. ESCHER MEASURING APPARATUS Filed July 11, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1' Inn INVENTOR ATTORNEY Dec. 23, I924. 52

' G. E. ESCHER MEASURIHG APPARATUS Filed July 11, 1923' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VENTOR A TTORNE Y Patented Dec. 23, 1924, v

TESP ATENT tori-ice.

GUSTAV 1:. Escnnn, o summer, NEW JERSEY;

MEASURING APPARATUS.

' v Application filed Jul 11,

To /Zl "rim/n if may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAV E. Escmzn, a citizen of the United States,.1'esiding at Summit. county of Union. and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Measuring Apparatus, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to improvements in imrasuring apparatus and especially to apparatus for measuring a plurality'of subtunces simultaneously in the same measlll'l.

In the formation of concrete, each mix is composed of sand, stone, cement and water mixed in certain proportions. The main objcction to the use of concrete as a building material lies in its variation compressive strength due tiq the impossibility, in regular practice, of producing it in a succession of mixes with .a reasonable approach to uniformity of strength. Among other things, the strength depends upon the relative quantities of sand and waterforming a portion of each mix. In practice, the sand is very seldom dry, and its bulk varies with its unknown moisture content, whereby it has heretofore been impossible to'supply it in uniformly measured quantities, and due to P this variable unknown moisture content, the amount of water provided for each mix has also been variable. I now, therefore, propose to measure the sand by inundation, asset P forth in my application Serial No. 536,803 filed February 15, 1922, whereby a substantially uniform measure of sand is provided for each mix and since the moisture content of the thoroughly saturated sand is known, it is only necessary to add to, each mix the amount of water necessary to form the complete required amount.

The especial object of the present invention'is to provides. simple and eflicient meas-' ure which will provide substantially uniform amounts of sand and water for each mix, and picfcrabl so-constructed that the measuredwater may be utilized as-a washing agent for the measure to assure the complete discharge of the'sand.

,Eurther objects of the invfiition relate to iilicl' n-ov 'isi'on, of suitable means for deliver- 1923. Serial H0. 850,985. I

For a full understanding of the invention. a detailed description of the invention in its preferred. forms will now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and the features forming the invention the-n specifically pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings- Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the complete apparatus;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the measure;

Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional detail of a modified form of securing means for the measure botv I Fig. 6 is a vertical section of a further modification of the invention;

-Fig. 7 is a section online 77 of Fig. 6; and, Y

Fig. 8 is a detail, view of the method of securing the sand chamber adjustment means. 7 v

ReferringnoW to the diawingsr the discharge from sand storage bin 10, -which may have Vertical or downwardly flaring sides,

is controlledby a plurality of segmentallates 11, the convex sides of which form a closed bottom; for the bin. These segmental plates 11 are sup orted by pivots 12 mounted on the bin an are provided wit-harms 13 ivoted to a common operating rod 14 whereby the plates 11 may be moved simultaneously by means of a crank operated by power or by handle 15 operated by hand. A

discharge hopper 16 is provided below the bottom of the bin 10 and the sand passing therethrough is preferably distributed by a cone-shaped spreader 17 secured therein.

Below the'storage'bin 10 are arranged suitable tracks 18, or aplatform may be used.

extending up to or slightly beyond a chute 19 for the mixer, not shown, and supporting two large, wheels 2O provided with teeth or sprockets 21' registering with suitable holes or cuts 22 in the tracks 18. or the plat: form, as the; case may be. The wheels 20 are secured to a measure 2 in such a manner that the wheels and n'ieasurc rotate a unit imdpreferably at such a point. relative to the center of gravity of the measure 231.:ihat.

when the measure gravity/of the measure will be above itn'd at:

"'onc's'ide of'the axis of rotation of the bucket '2 is full. the ccn tzi it 23 and the wheels 20, whereby the bucket. will .move automatically from its loading position to its position of discharge above the chute 19; the distance between these two positions being equal to about one half the development of the wheels 20. Upon the completeemptying of the measure center of gravity axis of rotation to a point above and on the opposite side of the axis of rotationwherchy the measure'23 will return automatically to sand, anda chamber B, for measuring water.

Suitablc interception means, forming part .of the partition means allows the waterto tion to the flange pass between the chambers A and B but proibits the passageof sand to-chainber B.- This interception means may be of any desired form as by the use of com )ound screens or a suitably valved opening,- ut iii the present instance is shown as a sand trap 26. Intheconstruction shown in Figure 2 the partition 25 is provided with a large central 0 ening 27 and the inner edge of the partition 25 is preferably upturned to provide an annular flange 28 about theopening 27;

The sand trap 26 is formed by supporting,

the bell 29 on a plurality of spacing sleeves 30 about screw bolts 31 by which the bell is secured to the partition 25, in capped rela- 28 and providing the bell 29 with an annular flange 32 extending downwardly between the flange 28 and the casing 24 within sand chamber A, the lower end of the bell flange 32 being considerably below the upper end of the partition flange 28 so that the lower end of flange 32 will prevent sand rising above the upper end of the flange 28 and entering water chamber B. -In order to allow the escape of entrapped air from the water chamber B during the filling of the measure, and also to reduce the time required for the water when the measure 23 is being emptied, I preferably provide the bell 29with a central aperture33 which may be pi'ovidedwith an annular flange 34 .thereabout, upon which seats a suitable, light, loose-fitting valve 35 to prevent the sand from entering water chamber. B.

The valve 35 is' preferably formed in the shape of a segmcntof a sphere to provide for proper seating against flange 34 and is provided on its lower side with a plurality of prongs 36 which engage the sides of the a erture 33 during the ischarge ofmaterial rom the measure 23- to retain the valve 35 within the measure 23 and in .23 the will shift relative to the- -percentage 0 given measure of sand. The handle 15 is discharge of the position to return to its seat against the flange 34 when the measure is returned to its normal position for receiving material to be measured.

The capacities of chambers A and B are adjustable provided 'for each chamber. The means for adjusting the sand chamber A comprises a sliding collar 37 secured in any suitable man ner upon the upper end of the chamber A and foi'iiiing an adjustA-ihleextension thereon. As showniiii Figure 8 the collar 37 is slit throughout its length and tightened upon the upper end of chamber A by two or more pairs'of angle plates 1, secured-upon opposite sides of'tlie slit portion of collar 37 and drawn together by bolts 2. Leakage through the slit'portioii of collar 37 is revented by the )rovision of a closure p ate 3 overlapping the edges of the slit throughout its length and preferably secured at one side thereof as by the angle plates 1 on the same side of the slit. The adjustment obtained by screwing one ormore plungers 38 into or-out of the water chamber B. To this endthe plungers 38 are externally thieaded -for engagement with threaded flanges 39 forming the edges of openings provided in the bottom. plate 40 of c iamber '3. The plungers 38 .are preferably closed at their up r; ends and may be screwed into or onto chamber 13' in any desirable man-.

ner as by the. use of a key enga ing with slots arrangedin the lower .en plunge-r 38. A suitable skirt.41 forming an extension of the casing 24 at its lower end may be used to; protect the threads of the lungers 38 from dam! e. I

The operation of the evice is as followsinto the measure 23 not shown, until the lVater is introduced by any suitable means,

wat'e'r c hamber'B is completely filled and sand chamber A tothe reql iisite percentage of its capacit which is not less than the interstitial space in a now moved "to cause the separation of segmental lates 11 for discharge of sand from storage bin 10 to hopper 16 and measure; 23 whereby the sand is inundated thusassurin miiv. As the c level moves upward therein and when it is completely filed with sand a certain quam tity of water will overflow, this quantity representing the amount of water carried by the sand prior to its delivery to the chamber A as well as any excess originally filled into chamber A. In practice it is adv sable to have some excess over the amount necessary to fill the voids in the sand, in order to be sure to have enough.

As plete ffireviously' described, upon the coinling of the measure of each 3 -'a uniform uant-ity of sand for each amber A fills, the water 23 the center of of water chamber B is gravity thereof is shifted to'such a position passes-through the sand trap :26, removing any'sand therein and washing the walls of Y the chamber to assure complete delivery of the sand measured; At-the same, time the valve opens to reduce the time required for-the discharge .of'the water. \Vhen empty the center of gravity is shifted back to' such a position relative to the axis of rotation of the measure and-its'wheels that the device automatically movesback to its measuring position beneath the storage bin 10.. v

In the modificationishown in Figure 4 a different means is shown for adjusting'the capacity of the waterschamber B. In this construction the-entire bottom 42 of the chamber B is movable along the axis of the chamber B and is secured in the desired position by suitable-means now to be described. The bottom 42is provided with a peripheral wedge-shaped groove 43 for the reception of a plastic packing 4, of rubber or any other-suitable material, which is compressed tightly against the wall of-th'e chamber B by the action of a clamping ring 5 forced thereagain'st by a pluralityofibolts- 6 secured in suitablythreaded projections 7 carried by 'the'exteriors'ideof the bottom 4:2, Thef-packing 4 serves the double purl pose offse'aling the bottom 42 with respect to water chamber B andholding it securelyin the desired position. v v

Figure 5 shows a variation of the'securing means for the adjustable bottom 42 for chamber B" shown in Figure 4. 'In, this' construction the clamping ring 5 compresses the packing- 4 within f'the wedge shaped groove 43 due to the action of a plurality of spider arms -8 forced-u 'mard by a suitable bolt 9. screw-threaded into the bottom 42 of chamber B and preferably provided with arms44 for convenience in tightening.

' In the modification shown in Figures 6 and? aplurality of sand traps 45 are provided. which are preferably sector like in shape as'shown. but-may be circular or of any other desired'shape. The structure of each of the sand traps 45 is the same as that-of the single sand-trap '26'sh0wn in Figure 2 and described iii connection therewith. -r-l iambers A and B in this con'structionrthe For adjusting the, capacities of the bottom '47 of chamber'Bis fixed and pref erably formed integrally with the. falls thereof; and the: partition 46'is made vertically adjust-able. To'this end the partition 4.6 is supported, by a bolt 48 passingthrough the partition 46 inscrew-threaded relation 7 thereto andsu'pported on the bottom 47 in any suitable manner as by ball headi49 on bolt 48 and socket 50 formed in the bottom 4?. Suitable rods 51, rigidly secured in sockets 52 carried by the bottom '47, may ,be i

rovidedto guide the movement of the adust-able partition 46, and a suitable loose, elastic packing ring 53 is provided within a peripheral groove "54 formed in the edge of the partition 46 to prevent the passage of sand to chamber In using. the above ad- 76 {lusting means,-the capacity of 'water chamed B is first regulated by turning the screw bolt 48-and then the capacity of the sand chamber A- is regulated brv securing-the collar 37 in the desired pqfsi on. i An air inlet va'1ve,' shit-able 'forbreaking the vacuum in water chamber B during emptying may be applied to the bottom of chamber 13 if desired, as shown ate: in Fig. "2. s x "15,,

The, use of tlie fsegmeli'tal plate bottom -for storage binj10'is very advantageous to 'pievent arching of the 'sand and operates equally well withzdry, damp or wet sand.

In fact, under certainconditions it may prove of advantage in reducing the time required for. the sand toabsorb all the water needdfor inundation 'to prewet' the Y sand either, i'vithin or he ore. deliveryv to the storage bin 10, Pre'wetting will have thefurther advantage of reducing the sibility of formationof lumps of-san 7 1n ,the measure, the inside of which might re:

main; dry. unless agitated." 1

nvaube. u 'deistoml that. the inventionf m" is notft'o be limitdf'tothes cific' constructions shown, as'fmany-modi cations. may be 7 made within claims; 1

size as to' measure the additional water j which is tobe used withthejsand measured by the upper chambenyand means for allowing water to pass from the upper to the lower chamber and for preventingtheads mission of sand or chamber.- w v 2. A -measuring device forIhmeasuring sand or the like in an inundated'condition for the manufacture of concrete, and for I simultaneouslyfmeasuring the additional water required with such sand, said" measur-- ing device comprising a casing, partition,' dividing the casing into two chambers: 1

from the upper to the'low- -means for allowing the water to passfrom 1.

, the. upper chamber to the lower chamber of both chambers.

whereby the water 4. A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a partition divid ing thecasing into two chambers, means whereby the watermay pass to both cham hers and the sand to only one of the chainbars,

of each of'the chambers.

5. A measure for measuring'a liquid and a solid comprising a. casing, a partition dividing the easin into twochaifnbeis, and

preventits passage means to allow the. quid to pass to tra botli chambers and to intercept the solid-to.

.to one of thle chambers.

" sand comprising a casin 6; A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a partition'fdividing the-casing into-two chambers, and a san trap forming a part of the partition and.

allowin water to pass to both chambers but prevent ng the passage of sand to one of the chambers. Y

7. A measure for measuring water andsand comprising a casing, a partition dividing .the easing into twochambers,-an o ning'.

in the partition connecting the chain rs, a bell covering the opening and spaced therefrom, an'd'coo' rating flanges on the partition' and bell orming a sand trap-to allow the passage of water to both chambers and prevent the passage of sand to one of the 3 chambers.

8. A measure for measuring water and sand comprising a casing, a partition dividdownwardly outside to both ehamvsand comprising a casing, a

- andmeans for adjusting the capacity .sand comprising a casing,

dividing the easing into twoel ainbers, a 66 from co'operatin and he 8 ing thecasing into two chambers, an opening 4 in the iartition connecting the two .cham bcrs, a ll extending over the opening and spaced therefrom, a flange on the partition about said opening and. extending toward the bell, anda flange on the partition flange and below the upper end thereof. 9. A. measure for measuring, water and artition dividing the casing intoftwo cham in the artition connecting the two chambeis, a veil extending over the opening and s aced ther'efroin,-a flange on the partition a lit said opening and extending toward the bell, and a peripheral flange onthe bell extending downwardly outside the partition flange and below the upper end iereof. 1 10. A measure for measuringwater and partition means sand trap forminga partfof the partition 'means,-and a' valved aperture in the partition means. I 4

. 11. A measure for measuring vi1tei- 'a nd a partition d v id- (0 in'g'the'casin into two 0 iambers, an o 'en ng :in the partition connecting the chain rs, a

bell covering the openingand s aced thereflanges on k partition a 'sand trap to allow ll forming both chambers and prepassage of ater to rent passage-bf sandto oneof the climbers, and avalved aperture inthe bell.

12. A neasurefor measuring water and sand'comprising a casing, a-partition dividmg the easing into a water chamber and a sand chamber, means whereby water may pass to both chambers and sand to only one of the chambers, and a vacuum breaker on the water chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

eiisfrAv-E. ESGHER.

the bell extending '50 rs, an opening 55 

